Morphology of Flowering Plants is a Class 11 Botany chapter in the NEET (UG) syllabus. NEET720 has 803 reviewed practice questions on it, each with a quick answer and a step-by-step explanation. The 8 questions below are free and fixed, so you can bookmark this page; the full chapter, plus mistake tracking and spaced revision, is in the app.
148
easy
554
medium
101
hard
Topics covered
The Fruit and the Seed · Family Fabaceae · Family Liliaceae · The Fruit · The Root · The Stem · Modifications · The Leaf · The Seed · The Inflorescence · Inflorescence and Flower · Fruit and Seed · Description of Family Solanaceae · Root modifications · Stem modifications · Leaf modifications · Leaf structure · Flower structure · Ovule structure · Seed structure · Germination · Floral formula and diagram · Root system · Angiosperms · Root modifications · Stem modifications · Leaf modifications · Inflorescence types · Placentation types · Aestivation types · Fruit types · Root types · Leaf venation · Phyllotaxy · Flower symmetry · Ovary position · Modified stems · Seed number relation to placentation · Fruit classification · The Flower
8 free Morphology of Flowering Plants practice questions with answers
Choose an answer in your head before opening it. Each explanation says why the correct option is right and, where relevant, why the tempting wrong option is wrong.
Question 1 · easy · Description of Family Solanaceae
Solanaceae, the sole flowering plant family in the NEET syllabus, is commonly known as which of the following?
- A.The pea family
- B.The potato family
- C.The lily family
- D.The grass family
Show answer and explanation
Answer: B. The potato family
Solanaceae is popularly called the potato family because Solanum tuberosum (potato) is its most economically important member.
Solanaceae is the only dicot family described in detail in the current NEET botany syllabus. It is widely known as the potato family after Solanum tuberosum. Fabaceae (pea family) and Liliaceae (lily family) have been deleted from the rationalized syllabus, so questions on their family characters should not appear; Poaceae is a monocot family and unrelated.
Common mistake: Students revising from older material sometimes still expect Fabaceae or Liliaceae questions.
Key point: Solanaceae = potato family; it is the only family whose characters are examinable in current NEET botany.
Question 2 · easy · Description of Family Solanaceae
The root system typically found in members of family Solanaceae is:
- A.Prop roots
- B.Branched tap root
- C.Unbranched fibrous
- D.Branched adventitious
Show answer and explanation
Answer: D. Branched adventitious
Solanaceae members typically have a branched adventitious root system, unlike the simple tap root of many other dicot families.
NCERT lists the root of Solanaceae as branched adventitious, an unusual feature for a dicot family (most dicots show tap roots). This is a frequently tested distinguishing point. Fibrous roots are typical of monocots, and prop roots are specialized adventitious roots for mechanical support seen in unrelated plants.
Common mistake: Assuming all dicot families default to tap roots.
Key point: Solanaceae root: branched adventitious — an exception among dicot families.
Question 3 · medium · Description of Family Solanaceae
The venation pattern most commonly seen in the alternate, simple leaves of Solanaceae is:
- A.Parallel venation
- B.Unicostate reticulate venation
- C.Multicostate reticulate venation
- D.Multicostate convergent venation
Show answer and explanation
Answer: B. Unicostate reticulate venation
Solanaceae leaves are alternate, simple (rarely pinnately compound), and show unicostate reticulate venation, with one prominent midrib giving rise to a network of veins.
Reticulate venation, typical of dicots, can be unicostate (single midrib, as in Solanaceae, mango) or multicostate (several main veins from base, as in castor). Solanaceae leaves are specifically unicostate reticulate. Parallel venation belongs to monocots and is not applicable here.
Common mistake: Mixing up unicostate vs multicostate reticulate venation.
Key point: Solanaceae leaves: alternate, simple, unicostate reticulate venation.
Question 4 · medium · Description of Family Solanaceae
Statement I: The stem of Solanaceae members is herbaceous, rarely woody, and may be solid or hollow. Statement II: The stem surface often bears glandular hairs. In light of these statements, choose the correct option:
- A.Statement I is false but Statement II is true
- B.Statement I is true but Statement II is false
- C.Both Statement I and Statement II are true
- D.Both Statement I and Statement II are false
Show answer and explanation
Answer: C. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
Both statements accurately describe the Solanaceae stem: aerial, erect, cylindrical, branched, herbaceous (rarely woody), solid or hollow, and often bearing glandular hairs.
NCERT describes the Solanaceae stem as herbaceous, rarely woody, aerial, erect, cylindrical, branched, solid or hollow, with glandular hairs frequently present (visible in plants like Datura and Petunia). Both statements are textbook-accurate, so the correct choice is that both are true.
Common mistake: Forgetting the glandular hair detail while remembering only the general herbaceous nature.
Key point: Solanaceae stem: herbaceous (rarely woody), aerial, erect, cylindrical, branched, solid/hollow, often glandular-haired.
Question 5 · easy · Description of Family Solanaceae
The inflorescence in family Solanaceae is typically:
- A.Umbellate
- B.Racemose only
- C.Spadix enclosed in a spathe
- D.Solitary, axillary or cymose
Show answer and explanation
Answer: D. Solitary, axillary or cymose
Solanaceae flowers are borne solitary and axillary, or in cymose clusters, as seen in Solanum and Datura.
The inflorescence of Solanaceae is described as solitary, axillary, or cymose. For example, Datura shows solitary axillary flowers while Solanum nigrum shows extra-axillary cymes. Racemose, spadix, and umbellate patterns belong to other, unrelated families.
Common mistake: Assuming a single fixed inflorescence type without recognizing both solitary and cymose forms occur.
Key point: Solanaceae inflorescence: solitary axillary or cymose.
Question 6 · medium · Description of Family Solanaceae
The aestivation of the corolla in Solanaceae is:
- A.Imbricate
- B.Twisted
- C.Valvate
- D.Vexillary
Show answer and explanation
Answer: C. Valvate
The corolla of Solanaceae has 5 gamopetalous petals with valvate aestivation, same pattern as the calyx.
Solanaceae corolla is gamopetalous (fused petals), 5-lobed, and shows valvate aestivation, meaning the petal margins just touch without overlapping. This mirrors the calyx aestivation. Vexillary aestivation belongs to the deleted Fabaceae, while twisted and imbricate types occur in other unrelated families.
Common mistake: Mixing up aestivation types across different plant families.
Key point: Solanaceae corolla: 5, gamopetalous, valvate aestivation.
Question 7 · medium · Description of Family Solanaceae
In the androecium of Solanaceae, the stamens are:
- A.5, free from corolla, alternate with petals
- B.5, epipetalous, opposite to petals
- C.10, diadelphous
- D.5, epipetalous, alternate with petals
Show answer and explanation
Answer: D. 5, epipetalous, alternate with petals
Solanaceae has 5 stamens that are epipetalous (attached to the corolla tube) and alternate with the petals.
The androecium of Solanaceae consists of 5 stamens, matching the pentamerous corolla. These stamens are epipetalous, meaning they are attached to the corolla tube, and they alternate in position with the petals rather than sitting directly opposite them. This alternation is a general floral rule for a single whorl of stamens fused to the corolla. Ten diadelphous stamens are a Fabaceae feature and not applicable here.
Common mistake: Confusing 'alternate with petals' and 'opposite to petals' positioning.
Key point: Solanaceae androecium: 5 stamens, epipetalous, alternate with petals.
Question 8 · medium · Description of Family Solanaceae
Which of the following floral formulae correctly represents a typical flower of family Solanaceae?
- A.Br ⊕ ♂ K(5) C(5) A5 G(2)
- B.Br % ⚥ K5 C5 A10 G1
- C.Br ⊕ ⚥ K(5) C(5) A(5) G(3)
- D.Br ⊕ ⚥ K(5) C(5) A5 G(2)
Show answer and explanation
Answer: D. Br ⊕ ⚥ K(5) C(5) A5 G(2)
The correct floral formula for Solanaceae is Br ⊕ ⚥ K(5) C(5) A5 G(2), representing actinomorphic, bisexual flowers with gamosepalous calyx, gamopetalous corolla, 5 free (not fused among themselves) stamens, and a bicarpellary syncarpous superior ovary.
The floral formula summarises: Br (bracteate), ⊕ (actinomorphic/regular symmetry), ⚥ (bisexual), K(5) (5 gamosepalous sepals, brackets show fusion), C(5) (5 gamopetalous petals), A5 (5 stamens, not fused to each other, hence no bracket around A, though epipetalous), G(2) (bicarpellary syncarpous ovary, superior, shown by the line under G). Option B wrongly uses free floral parts and wrong stamen/carpel numbers; option C wrongly shows 3 carpels; option D wrongly shows a unisexual male flower.
Common mistake: Bracketing the androecium (A) when stamens are not fused to each other, only epipetalous.
Key point: Solanaceae floral formula: Br ⊕ ⚥ K(5) C(5) A5 G(2), ovary superior.
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Questions about Morphology of Flowering Plants for NEET
How many NEET questions does NEET720 have on Morphology of Flowering Plants?＋
NEET720 has 803 reviewed practice questions on Morphology of Flowering Plants (Botany): 148 easy, 554 medium and 101 hard. 8 of them are free on this page with full explanations; the rest are available in the app.
Is Morphology of Flowering Plants a Class 11 or Class 12 chapter for NEET?＋
Morphology of Flowering Plants is a Class 11 Botany chapter in the NEET (UG) syllabus. Read the NCERT chapter first, then practise chapter-wise MCQs and previous-year questions.
How should I practise Morphology of Flowering Plants for NEET?＋
Attempt the questions below without looking at the options for more than a few seconds, mark your answer, then read the explanation even when you were right. Record every mistake and revisit it after a gap. On NEET720 this happens automatically: wrong answers go to your Mistake Book and are scheduled for spaced revision.
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Questions are original NEET720 compositions reviewed for correctness, syllabus fit and option quality. Counts update as the bank grows (803 active practice questions in this chapter today).